Product Overview
The K3VL28/C-10RKML0 is the 28 cc-class core model within the Kawasaki K3VL series of swashplate-type axial piston variable displacement pumps. The K3VL series was developed based on the Kawasaki K3V series, which has a rich track record in construction machinery, and is a hydraulic circuit-type pump supporting load sensing and pressure constant control. The series employs Kawasaki’s unique mechanism born from long-term research, drastically reducing pressure pulsation — the source of noise generation.
The K3VL series spans displacements from 28 to 200 cm³/rev, with a rated pressure of 32 MPa and peak pressure of 35 MPa, suitable for medium to high-pressure variable displacement pump requirements in construction and off-highway applications. The series offers a wide range of control options including Load Sensing, Pressure Constant, Unload, Variable Pressure, Horsepower Control, and Electric Flow Control.
Model Code Breakdown (for procurement and engineering reference):
Using K3VL28/C-10RKML0 as example:
K3VL28: K3VL series, nominal size 28, geometric displacement 28 cm³/rev
/C: Mounting flange and shaft configuration code
-10: Design series number
RKML0: Control type and port configuration code. R = rotation direction code; K = control type code; ML0 = additional configuration identifier
Drop-in Replacement Advantage: Manufactured to exact Kawasaki OEM specifications, this pump achieves complete drop-in interchangeability with the original K3VL series for SAE B two-bolt mounting flange, shaft dimensions, SAE standard port layout, and control module interface. The series offers both American (SAE) and European (ISO) mounting and shaft configurations. Every pump undergoes 100% simulated load testing prior to shipment, validating 32 MPa pressure loading, control response, and volumetric efficiency under conditions replicating real-world duty cycles.
Technical Specifications
Model K3VL28/C-10RKML0:
Model Code: K3VL28/C-10RKML0
Series: Kawasaki K3VL Series (Open Circuit, Swashplate Design)
Nominal Size: NG 28
Geometric Displacement: 28 cm³/rev (1.71 in³/rev)
Rated Pressure: 32 MPa (320 bar / 4600 psi)
Peak Pressure: 35 MPa (350 bar / 5075 psi)
Maximum Self-Priming Speed: 2600 rpm (3000 rpm per some sources)
Maximum Speed (Peak): 3600 rpm
Control Type: Load Sensing / Pressure Constant / Unload / Variable Pressure (basic control)
Optional Controls: Horsepower Control, Electric Flow Control
Mounting Flange: SAE B two-bolt flange (American SAE / European ISO optional)
Shaft: Per C code specification (SAE or ISO configuration)
Housing Material: High-strength cast iron
Seal Material: NBR (nitrile rubber), suitable for mineral oil-based hydraulic fluid
Moment of Inertia: 2.09×10⁻³ kg·m²
Torsional Stiffness: 2.20×10⁴ N·m/rad
Weight: Approx. 20 kg (44 lbs)
Fluid Cleanliness: ISO 4406 18/15 or better
Operating Temperature Range: -20°C to +90°C
K3VL Series Displacement Size Reference:
K3VL28: 28 cm³/rev, rated 32 MPa, peak 35 MPa, max self-priming speed 2600 rpm, weight approx. 20 kg
K3VL45: 45 cm³/rev, rated 32 MPa, peak 35 MPa, max self-priming speed 2700 rpm, weight approx. 25 kg
K3VL60: 60 cm³/rev, rated 25 MPa, peak 28 MPa, max self-priming speed 2400 rpm, weight approx. 25 kg
K3VL80: 80 cm³/rev, rated 32 MPa, peak 35 MPa, max self-priming speed 2400 rpm, weight approx. 35 kg
K3VL112: 112 cm³/rev, rated 32 MPa, peak 35 MPa, max self-priming speed 2200 rpm, weight approx. 65 kg
K3VL140: 140 cm³/rev, rated 32 MPa, peak 35 MPa, max self-priming speed 2200 rpm, weight approx. 65 kg
K3VL200: 200 cm³/rev, rated 32 MPa, peak 35 MPa, max self-priming speed 1900 rpm, weight approx. 95 kg
K3VL200H: 200 cm³/rev (with impeller), rated 32 MPa, peak 35 MPa, max self-priming speed 2200 rpm, weight approx. 130 kg
Key Technical Advantages
1. Kawasaki’s Unique Low-Pulsation Mechanism with Low Noise Operation
The K3VL series employs Kawasaki’s unique mechanism born from long-term research, drastically reducing pressure pulsation — the source of noise generation. This design fundamentally suppresses pressure fluctuations during hydraulic pump operation, enabling the K3VL series to maintain low noise operation across the entire pressure range, particularly suitable for construction machinery and industrial equipment applications with strict noise control requirements.
2. Load Sensing and Pressure Constant Control Core Circuit Design
The K3VL series is based on load sensing and pressure constant control as fundamental control methods. Load sensing control automatically adjusts pump displacement based on system load demand, achieving on-demand flow delivery to effectively reduce throttling losses and system heat generation. Pressure constant control automatically reduces displacement when system pressure reaches the setpoint, maintaining constant pressure output. Unload and variable pressure controls can be operated remotely, providing high flexibility for system design.
3. Extensive Control Options with Modular Expansion
The K3VL series offers an industry-leading combination of control options: in addition to basic load sensing and pressure constant control, Horsepower Control and Electric Flow Control are available as options. Horsepower Control enables precise matching between hydraulic system power and engine output power, preventing engine overload stall. Electric Flow Control supports remote or automated displacement adjustment, suitable for complex hydraulic systems requiring precise flow control.
4. High Volumetric Efficiency with Exceptional Self-Priming Capability
The K3VL series features exceptional self-priming capabilities and high overall efficiency (peak >90%). The K3VL28 achieves a maximum self-priming speed of 2600 rpm, enabling stable oil suction without an auxiliary pump. High volumetric efficiency means less internal heat generation and more consistent power delivery, effectively reducing energy consumption and improving system performance.
5. High-Strength Cast-Iron Housing with Long Service Life
The pump body is precision-cast from high-strength cast iron, with the material’s damping characteristics effectively suppressing structural vibration and fluid-borne noise. The K3VL series is renowned for excellent reliability and very long service life. The internal rotating groups are based on the proven design of the K3V and K3VG pumps, with bearings selected through system-level load analysis for long-term stable operation at 32 MPa continuous pressure.
6. Compact Lightweight Design with High Power-to-Weight Ratio
The K3VL28 achieves a displacement of 28 cm³/rev with a weight of only approximately 20 kg, offering an excellent power-to-weight ratio. The compact structural dimensions and quick control response make the K3VL series particularly suitable for space-constrained mobile hydraulic applications. The availability of both SAE and ISO mounting configurations further enhances system integration flexibility.
Application Areas
Excavators: Medium to large excavator main hydraulic pumps (one of the core application areas for the K3VL series)
Combine Harvesters: Combine harvester hydraulic drive systems
Wheel Loaders: Wheel loader work equipment hydraulic systems
Sprayers: Large sprayer hydraulic drive circuits
Crawler Drills / Pile Drivers: Crawler drill and pile driver hydraulic systems
Marine & Offshore: Ship deck machinery hydraulic drives, marine winch hydraulic systems
Industrial Hydraulic Power Units: Medium-high pressure industrial hydraulic power units, central oil supply systems
Expert Maintenance Tips
1. Hydraulic Fluid Cleanliness
The K3VL series control spool operates with extremely tight clearances and is highly sensitive to particulate contamination. System fluid cleanliness must meet ISO 4406 18/15 or better. Recommended fluids are ISO VG32 or VG46 anti-wear hydraulic oils. Install a 10 μm absolute-rated filter element at the pump inlet. Replace elements at 500 hours after first commissioning, then every 1,000 operating hours or 6 months, whichever comes first.
2. Electric Control Module Maintenance (Type E0/E1/E2/E3)
If equipped with electric displacement control (Type E0/E1/E2/E3), a pilot pressure of 40 bar must be supplied to the Pi port for proper operation. The pilot pressure can be provided by a gear pump mounted on the rear of the K3VL pump or an external pressure source. The E0/E1/E2 models have a rated current of 700 mA (24V DC), while the E3 model has a rated current of 1,400 mA (12V DC). Regularly inspect electrical connectors for looseness or corrosion, and verify the control current signal waveform with an oscilloscope every 2,000 hours.
3. Case Drain Line Requirements
The case drain line must return directly to the reservoir. Maximum permissible back pressure is 0.2 MPa. The drain outlet must terminate below oil level at all times to prevent air ingestion. The drain line diameter must not be smaller than the pump case drain port size. For “shaft-up” vertical mounting positions, filling and air bleeding must be performed completely.
4. Pre-Start Priming and Air Bleeding
Before first start, fill the pump housing with clean hydraulic fluid through the case drain port. After installation, turn the drive shaft by hand several revolutions to confirm free rotation without binding. Position the control at neutral (zero displacement) and run at low speed for 5–10 minutes. Verify continuous bubble-free flow from the case drain. Only then apply load.
5. Control Type Setting and Adjustment
The K3VL series’ basic control methods are load sensing and pressure constant control. During commissioning, set the pressure cut-off value and flow adjustment range according to actual system requirements. The power control curve start point (for optional Horsepower Control) should be calibrated according to the engine’s power characteristics. Adjust only with the system at zero load. Rotate the adjustment screw slowly and verify stable pressure gauge readings before proceeding.
6. Through Drive End Maintenance
If equipped with through drive, regularly inspect rear pump mounting bolt tightness and spline connection wear. The K3VL28 single pump overall length is 219 mm, and the maximum permissible bending moment at the through-drive end is 137 N·m. The rear pump’s power demand must not exceed the through-drive rated torque capacity. Inspect through-drive end bolt torque at 500 hours after first commissioning, then recheck every 2,000 operating hours.
